This article may be of interest to anyone who has seen ads for used commercial vehicles online, but is unsure if employment with this truck would be prolific or challenging. Vacuum truck driving could be a great job for anyone who loves operating commercial trucks.

Drivers of these vehicles collect, move and unload various materials. These materials come in a variety of forms, including fresh and salt water, crude oil, sewage, and toxic chemicals. Considering the types of materials involved, these operators must undergo various types of training, various certification programs, and must adhere to the operating procedures of the contracting company in order to perform the job productively and safely. An applicant for a job with these types of vehicles must know the requirements necessary to operate them if they are interested in pursuing this field of demand.

Educational Prerequisite

Although there are no specific educational requirements, some companies will only accept those who have graduated from high school or received a General Education Diploma (GED). Additionally, the applicant must have a clean driving record. Work experience in a repair shop can also be an advantage.

driving experience

Hiring requirements based on experience may vary from company to company. For this type of vehicle operation, the applicant is generally required to have two to five years of commercial trucking experience.

The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) explains that “driving experience” means that the vehicle handler was previously employed by a business that required the operation of commercial trucks, such as vacuum trucks. Subsequently, the applicant must have passed a practical skills test conducted by a certified licensing and testing office recognized by each state. Most importantly, after the test and during the applicant’s employment at their previous company, they must have operated commercial vehicles for at least two years.

License

A vacuum truck operator must have a valid commercial driver’s license (CDL) and be certified by the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) as having completed the requirements established by them.

The following are requirements that one must complete in order to be qualified to receive a commercial driver’s license. They must:

• Be at least 21 years of age or older and be in good physical shape. Some states accept 18 year olds, but are limited to working within that state. Being 21 years old allows one to drive from one state to another.
• Pass a medical exam every two years. The physical exam includes:

1. Auditory and visual test
2. Blood pressure test
3. Drug tests
4. Alcohol tests

• Have normal upper and lower limbs.
• Pass a written test on certain rules and regulations.
• Demonstrate that they can operate the vehicle.
• Have a good driving record. According to the DOT, a “good driving record” means they cannot have another license or have a revoked license and cannot have serious traffic violations.

Training

Training for a vacuum truck operator is done on an informal basis. New hires are required to attend a one or two day training seminar where they learn: general rules; company policies and security operations; and complete any necessary paperwork. Some states offer a type of “hands-on” seminar to improve the operator’s knowledge of handling the vehicle. Certification is awarded after passing the training seminar.

Finding a vacuum truck for sale is not that difficult; however, becoming a vacuum truck operator may require more effort. One must undergo various training and skills tests to become certified. The government requires vehicle operators to have a commercial driver’s license. In addition to this, the applicant must undergo medical examinations to ensure that he is in good physical condition to operate the vehicle. The company usually provides safety training regarding the operation of the vehicle.

Hopefully the above information will be helpful to those interested in seeking employment in the field of vacuum truck driver and operator. Best of luck finding that desired job!

Technology, for automobiles or for any other automated innovation, means a constantly changing, constantly evolving concept. There are no two years in a row where a single car technology trend makes the rounds in the auto industry. Something new always comes up in the form of a car model. Whether it’s a car, a motorcycle or any other vehicle, because enthusiasts always have something new to delight in. Recently, a host of developments in the field of automotive technology have kept the global automotive industry in an uproar. The following are some of the latest technology trends that will dominate the automotive industry for the foreseeable future.

– Thanks to the so-called iPhone epidemic, automakers are now rushing to replace the analog dials and controls on their car models with superior touchscreen dashboards. All other hybrid vehicles or electric cars introduced these days are equipped with this technological feature.

– Cars and vehicles are now smarter than ever. The universal vehicle network that could range from simple instant traffic announcements and collision alerts to the next-generation digital chaining system has finally come of age. Now, one can easily reach highways without worrying a bit about network conditions.

– Lithium battery technology is waiting to take off. Once automakers around the world start using it fully to build their cars, it will have a huge impact.

– The use of Bioplastics is increasing. Consequently, car manufacturers are upgrading their car technologies to make proper use of this environmentally friendly material.

– Research is underway to find alternatives to corn-based ethanol and other household products to produce a much more affordable and smarter fuel to power the engines of tomorrow.

Other advances in automotive technology include the global positioning system or dual-screen navigation screens powered by GPS technology and in-dash internet screens.

Alongside the landscape importance of trees are the shrubs that grow in our gardens, parks, landscape foundations, roadsides, and commercial landscapes. Thousands of different varieties of shrubs are grown to grace lawns, gardens, and borders, but only a few varieties are available to purchase at your local nursery for planting and growing. Many shrubs are selected and grown on the basis of smart purchasing for flowering hedges, cold hardy evergreens, non-flowering hedges, berry bushes, and deciduous shrubs. Many bushes shine with brightly colored leaves in fall and winter.

Although it is common for some shrub stems to die from shade, they will be renewed by new shoots; And like trees, shrubs live for years and are considered good property, a long-term investment, and a permanent fixture in the landscape.

Planting shrubs as privacy hedges will typically mature to a point in four or five years where the privacy screen will be vigorously solid and dense enough to hide whatever is behind it.

Some shrubs thrive in dry soil; others in moist soils, but most shrubs and hedges are in between and require well-drained growing areas. All other possible growing extremes are important for planting shrubs and hedges, such as altitude, shade, wind exposure, and relative soil fertility levels. Azaleas, for example, grow well under the shade of most trees, including pines, and will rapidly deteriorate and soon die if planted to grow in full sun. Azaleas must have organic matter incorporated into the soil to thrive, and the proper acidity (pH) of the soil is necessary for azalea plants to live. Pine straw is often effective in keeping azaleas free of weeds. The long rows of blooming azalea plants are often dramatic when planted under pine trees, when azalea blooms show off their sprawling blooms. The shallow root system of azaleas requires considerable watering during periods of drought to ensure a large number of azalea blooms, the spring season following summer droughts.

small evergreen shrubs

Evergreen shrubs are an important option to consider for planting, to ensure the presence of green color during the gloomy days of winter. Many gardeners want an evergreen shrub as a hedge to maintain privacy when cold weather arrives. Anise, Illicium florianum grows in small hedges in resorts like Sea Island, Georgia, and exotic red flowers and liquor aromas rise from the leaves in the summer. Acuba japonica variegata ‘Gold Dust’ is also called the Gold Dust plant. Acuba is an interesting low-growing shrub to plant and grow alongside brick buildings. Cleyera, Ternstroemia gymanthera, is an interesting shrub for coastal areas, because Cleyera shrubs are very tolerant of saltwater spray, and the waxy green leaves have a unique tropical appearance in the landscape. Boxwood, Buxus microphylla asiaticum, is also saltwater tolerant with dense coloration in zones 5 through 9. Boxwood is one of the most important and popular shrubs to buy in the US, requiring many years to reach 3 feet in height. Boxwood plants are commonly planted in rows along walkways. Larger boxwood plants do well in group plantings in front of buildings

Eleagnus, Eleagnus pungens, is one of the fastest growing shrubs and makes an excellent barrier hedge or privacy fence that can grow up to 10 feet tall. Eleagnus is saltwater tolerant and can be grown in containers in commercial locations. Interstate highway landscaping is filled with large groupings and plants of Eleagnus, Eleagnus pungens, shrubs to minimize car fumes and truck road noises.

Holly bushes are distinctively variegated, highly adaptable and versatile in the landscape. The most popular hollies are: Burford Holly, Ilex cornuta; Carissa Holly, Ilex cornuta ‘Carissa’; Dwarf Chinese Holly, Ilex cornuta; Dwarf Japanese Holly, Ilex crenata; Helleri Holly, Ilex crenata; Needle Holly, Ilex cornuta ‘Embroidery’; Sky Pencil Holly, Ilex crenata ‘Sky Pencil’; Savannah Holly, Ilex x attenuata; Stokes Dwarf Holly, Ilex vomitoria ‘Stokes Dwarf’; Dwarf Yaupon Holly, Ilex vomitoria; Weeping yaupon, Ilex vomitoria pendula.

Japanese aralia, Fatsia japonica, is more commonly called Fatsia. In landscapes, Fatsia is often planted and grown in large groups near shady home entrances or under shade trees for that bold tropical look. Fatsia can be planted as a large specimen plant, or Fatsia in containers will grow as a bush as a houseplant. Philodendron selloum is often used as a Fatsia, and can grow into an attractive large specimen plant on slender, woody-looking trunks (stems). The hybrid Philodendron, Xanadu, is also used as Japanese aralia, Fatsia, and Philodendron selloum, but is primarily used as an indoor or outdoor container plant. The deep-lobed, waxy green leaves are very cold hardy, and even if Philodendron is growing outside in Zone 5 – 10, it will spring back to life from vigorous roots in the spring after freezing to the ground.

Pittosporum tobira can be grown as an outdoor plant or as a shrub in containers. Pittosporum plants display bright green leaves year round and grow best in low light shaded areas. The flowers are small, white and very fragrant, like the aromatic crushed leaves. Florists use stems and leaves as fillers in flower arrangements. Pittosporum bushes don’t grow quickly, but they can eventually form an excellent privacy hedge to block out car noise and smoke emissions. Because Pittosporum tobira shrubs are saltwater tolerant, these shrubs are popularly used in landscaping on Sea Island, Georgia. Large specimens of Pittosporum tobira are used as small evergreen trees, subtly presenting an exotic and tropical appearance. Pittosporium tobira “Variegata” has white and light green variegated leaves with fragrant white flowers, which bloom in the summer. The variegated leaf form of Pittosporum tobira does not burn in strong sunlight, like most variegated shrubs.

Large evergreen shrubs

Large evergreen shrubs sometimes become eclectic little trees after many years. These large evergreen shrubs provide the garden with specimen appeal, privacy, and cold-hardy, evergreen color. Arizona Cypress is also called Carolina Sapphire, Cupressus glabra ‘Carolina Sapphire’, and is a fast-growing evergreen, which can grow 20 to 30 feet with fine-textured silver-blue leaves. The leaves grow thread-like in very hot areas and will survive drought or stress well.

The arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis, is an evergreen shrub native to the United States that can grow almost anywhere in the US. The dark green leaves of the arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis, can turn yellow, orange or maroon during winter, but green color is restored in cold zones Strong Tolerance, 2 – 8, in spring. Other species of trees of life are: Emerald, Thuja occidentalis ‘Emerald’; Little Giant, Thuja occidentalis ‘Little Giant’; Little Golden Giant, Thuja occidentalis ‘Little Golden Giant’; Aurea Nana, Thuja occidentalis ‘Aurea Nana’;

The blue Italian cypress, Cupressus sempervirens ‘Glauca’, will qualify as one of the most important specimens, evergreen trees used in landscapes. The trees do not grow fast, but are cold hardy in zones 7 to 11. The dense leaves are branched and grow in a large column, 3 to 4 feet wide. Italian cypress can grow up to 40 feet outside, and Italian cypress grown in large containers can be shipped quickly by truck or UPS. The Italian cypress, Cupressus sempervirens ‘Glauca’ can draw architectural attention to large buildings. Italian cypress trees are often planted on commercial benches, lining large sidewalks, or memorial gardens.

Leyland cypress, Cupressocyparis leylandii, is a fast-growing shrub, most often planted as a privacy hedge, but in many cases it can become a large Leyland cypress tree that can reach 130 feet. The Leyland cypress bush (tree) is a fast-growing intergenetic hybrid. Erosion control can be obtained quickly by planting these vigorous Leyland cypress bushes to quickly embed their roots into the soil and cool the soil.

Podocarpus macrophylla and Podocarpus nagi are the most commonly cultivated Podocarpus shrubs. Cutting Podocarpus is a common plant practice to create a sculpted appearance. Podocarpus can be grown as an edging plant for walkways, but after many years it grows into a small 10-foot evergreen. Salt water and cold hardy tolerance of Zone 7 – 10 make Podocarpus the best choice for any landscaped garden.

Wax Myrtle or Bayberry, Myrica cerifera, normally grows as a native American plant in woodlands, but nursery-grown plants will provide a fast-growing screen that spreads by underground shoots. Birds and wildlife love this plant to nest and seek protection. The waxy gray berries are fragrant and are commonly used to scent candles with a woody scent. All parts of wax myrtle bushes are fragrant and grow to block noise and noxious fumes from automobiles. Very old wax myrtle plants grow into exotic-looking small trees, which are aromatic specimens in the landscape. Wax myrtle bushes, Myrica cerifera, are a commonly grown naturalized plant enthusiastically used as a cold and salt water tolerant hedge or landscape tree at the famous resort hotel on Sea Island, Georgia.

Copyright (c) 2006 Patrick Malcolm

Oh, the truck. That open payload in the rear gives you the freedom to haul everything from bricks to gravel to your convertible bed. But that open payload also leaves your gear and furniture exposed to the elements and the sticky fingers of parking lot bandits.

Many truck owners choose to install a caravan shell because they want to protect their stuff from the wrath of Mother Nature and useless thieves. However, this reduces the versatility of your pickups. You can’t exactly pack a full-size reproduction of the statue, Laocoön and his sons, into your payload when it’s sporting a trucker hat. There are clear pros and cons to RV covers, so consider these pros and cons before you make the investment.

advantages

Protection: Hands down, RV covers give you the most protection from bad weather and parking lot vikings. Because they are lined with an insulated seal, rainwater and sleet should not be able to infiltrate your truck bed. And, lockable latches on your access doors prevent all but the most determined thieves from stealing your valuables.

Best MPGs: RV covers improve the aerodynamics of your truck and can improve your fuel economy. You may not have known it, but your open payload is killing your MPG. When air flows over your cabin, it spills onto your bed, hits your tailgate, and creates drag. With a caravan shell in place, breezes of air flow smoothly across the roof instead of hitting the rear.

cons

Less load capacity: Your truck bed is always limited by its length and width, but it’s also limited by height when you add a camper cover. Instead of having open skies overhead, there will be a fiberglass roof that will limit the load that can fit. Due to the bulky size of a shell, picking it up and removing it every time you have to move a sofa isn’t practical, especially in impromptu moving situations like tripping over a spare mattress in an alley. Of course, truck cap racks are available to give you more room on top.

extra weight: Don’t let the word “shell” fool you: Camper shells aren’t as delicate as an egg. These heavy-duty truck tops are constructed from layers of fiberglass and weigh about 100 pounds. That kind of extra weight on the rear of your vehicle puts extra pressure on your shock absorbers. Also, it can reduce fuel economy that comes from improved aerodynamics.

Choosing to buy a truck is no small thing. Be sure to weigh the pros and cons carefully before spending a lot of money on a shell.

A chauffeur’s dress code is a set of rules that control what clothing a limousine driver can wear. These rules are determined by the limousine company that employs the driver. They can set preferred colors for suits, provide some uniforms or specific clothing for the driver to wear. However, the chauffeur dress code has some universal rules that must be followed if your employee does not say otherwise.

Let’s look at the chauffeur dress code and what items a male chauffeur should wear.

Neck: For corporate careers and night outings, the tie is optional. However, a tie is required for weddings, graduations, and other formal occasions. Bow ties are acceptable but unusual. The top button of the shirt collar must be buttoned.

You can wear a coat if the weather requires it. Don’t put the coat over just one shirt. Wear a dark suit or jacket.

Suit Jacket: Plain black suits are the preferred choice for most limousine operators, but any good quality dark suit is also suitable. Your limo company may have a color preference for a suit.

Shirt: The collared dress shirt is a must. It must be clean and well pressed. White is the universally preferred color for weddings, graduations, and other special occasions. For nights out, your chauffeur might as well dress up in a sleek black shirt. Any good quality black/white shirt will look nice and smart. Avoid button down collars.

Pants: Suit pants that must be combined with the jacket. Of course, preference for black unless otherwise specified.

Stockings: Black or the same color as your suit. If not, at least as dark as the suit. Without logos, the images of the prints must be visible.

Footwear: Salons Dress Leather. For black, with laces. Note: People sometimes judge you by your shoes. It’s a good idea to invest in good leather shoes and clean them every day.

Rings: One wedding or engagement ring is always allowed. Other rings must be kept away.

Belt: Leather belt to match your suit. Large belt buckles with logos or symbols are not permitted.

The purpose of the chauffeur dress is to represent the company and make your customers feel in good hands. By following this dress code, you will look professional and confident from the moment you step out of the limo. However, the chauffeur needs much more than following the dress code to impress customers. On the other hand, a good first impression always helps.

Audi sells an exceptionally wide range of vehicles. There’s something for everyone, from the entry-level little A1 that’s perfect for young urban commuters to the impressive R8 V10 that borders on supercar territory. An Audi car offers stylish looks, high-end engineering, and good build quality, so it’s no surprise that this is a popular car to tune up. Audi enthusiasts generally focus on certain types of modifications when tuning their vehicles. Here are some great ideas for your Audi tuning project.

Increase engine power

The first, and possibly most important, aspect of Audi’s tuning is to increase engine power. There are many ways to accomplish this.

Remapping the ECU (or installing a performance chip on older cars) is a sure way to get more power and torque out of the Audi engine. This is one of the most profitable mods and should be near the top of your to-do list. A professional remapping can deliver more horsepower and torque, better fuel economy, and superior throttle response. Turbo engines, especially diesels, achieve the greatest power gains with a remapping.

Another high-reward project is tuning the intake and exhaust system to ensure freer airflow through the engine. Improving car breathing is an important part of increasing engine power. Popular upgrades in this area include a cold air intake, a sport exhaust with a high-flow manifold, or a full induction kit.

Some Audi tuners like to fit a fast road camshaft to get more RPM at peak power. This modification of the vehicle involves a little compensation. It usually causes some low power loss, which is, after all, where you drive most of the time. It can also result in rough engine idle. If you choose to fit a fast road cam, a good flowing gas head and larger valves to go with it is recommended.

Remember that an engine tuned for more power may require some fuel system modifications to cope with the additional demands. A new fuel pressure regulator and fuel injectors are suggested for sharper throttle response. While you’re at it, upgrade the fuel pump as well because the engine will need more fuel.

The standard clutch in an Audi has its limitations, so you should probably replace it with an upgraded or performance-oriented clutch if you expect a power gain of more than 30% from other tuning activities.

Improve Suspension

When it comes to Audi tuning, improving the way the car handles is usually a priority. In fact, a common complaint about many stock Audi vehicles is soft handling. This is what happens when a relatively heavy car is equipped with a suspension that is too soft. But vehicle steering and control can be improved by dropping the car slightly and putting in stiffer performance dampers and dampers. You may also want to replace the rubber bushings with aftermarket versions that don’t flex as much when cornering.

change the wheels

The installation of alloy wheels is a good vehicle modification that is both practical and visually appealing. Alloy wheels will help cool the brakes and are usually lighter than standard factory wheels.

Some tuners suggest installing wheels with a larger diameter and wider, lower profile tires to improve the appearance and performance of the vehicle. Other fans urge a bit of caution in this area, saying that oversized wheels will compromise the vehicle’s handling. If you want to be on the safe side, keep the total rolling diameter of the new wheels the same as the original factory specifications.

improve the brakes

Don’t forget about the brakes, especially on larger vehicles. If you tune up your Audi for more engine power and quicker throttle response, you’ll also need fast, reliable deceleration. Upgrade your brakes with a performance-oriented brake kit that includes high-friction pads plus larger calipers and rotors.

beautify the interior

Many tuners like to get rid of the Audi’s heavy stock seats and replace them with lighter, sportier bucket seats. This modification reduces the weight of the vehicle and gives you more comfort and control when driving. New alloy shift knobs and pedals are a nice way to give the interior a more luxurious look. For the perfect finishing touch, you can attach a MOMO flyer.

Customize with exterior modifications

Most enthusiasts already like the look of Audi cars, so they’re not inclined to make a lot of exterior modifications. But if you want to do something, you might consider installing a more assertive front air dam, or aftermarket turn signals and taillights with smoked lenses. These updates will personalize the car without spoiling the distinctive Audi aesthetic.

There is no doubt that Audi has a reputation for making reliable and stylish vehicles. But any car in the Audi lineup can benefit from a little tweaking. With most models, you simply can’t go wrong remapping the ECU, upgrading the intake and exhaust system, and installing new suspension components. Audi cars tend to retain their value over time, making Audi tuning a great investment for driving enjoyment.

The new GPS automatic tracking technology allows almost anyone to track another person. Also, almost all new cell phones have built-in GPS tracking capabilities. Some even have the ability to transmit location information even without the battery. All of which makes you wonder what happened to personal privacy. The answer is that there really is no privacy. Of course, there are legal restrictions on how and when you can use the new tracking technology; however, detecting GPS tracking units can sometimes be difficult.

Basically, there are two types of GPS tracking device technology available to the public. The simplest is called a passive tracking device or recorder. This device is also the most difficult to detect and defend against. These devices can be as small as a matchbox and can be hidden almost anywhere. They are attached to a vehicle or individual and after a specified time must be retrieved. After recovery, the device is usually connected to a personal computer and the information is downloaded into a database provided by the device manufacturer.

Probably the best defense against passive tracking/logging devices comes in the form of a GPS jammer. These small units typically plug into your car’s cigarette lighter port and provide protection for about 30 feet in any direction. There are also small portable battery-operated units available that also provide short-range lock-on. These units can range in price from $200 to $850.

The second type of GPS auto tracker or personal GPS tracking units are called real-time tracking devices. These units, as the name implies, provide real-time current location information about the person or vehicle being tracked. This was achieved through the use of cell phone technology. Recent technological improvements have greatly reduced the size and reliability of these tracking devices. You can purchase a battery-powered unit the size of a small cell phone that will provide tracking information up to a week before the battery requires charging. Most commonly, these units are attached to a vehicle and use the vehicle’s power supply to provide power to the tracking unit.

Real-time tracking devices generally require the user to contract with a GPS tracking service company. These companies usually provide the necessary tracking devices and software to track the device on your personal computer. Depending on the contract, the information is uploaded to you at specific time intervals. The most common information loads range between 5 and 10 minutes.

Defending against this type of tracking device is relatively easy with a combination cell phone/GPS jamming device. These units range in cost from $300 to over $1,000. Of course, a cell phone or GPS jamming device can achieve the same effect. Also, if you think you are being illegally tracked, you can contact your local law enforcement agency and have them run a scan of the vehicle or personal effects in question. Many small law enforcement agencies do not have this capability, and in that case, you have the option of purchasing a scanning unit and doing the scanning yourself.

Advice to the wise if you are involved in a criminal enterprise. Much of what we’ve described here won’t stop US government agencies from tracking you and your vehicles.

In most cases, it is illegal to track just about anyone without their permission. However, given the fact that many tracking devices are so difficult to detect, it is likely that the illegal technology of automatic GPS trackers and personal tracking devices will continue to be used.

In cities, we tend to do half the route in our cars and then take a bus or board a train to cover the remaining distance. The problem here is getting a suitable parking space for your vehicle and also having to pay high parking fees in the city. So it becomes costly for you, because you pay fuel and parking fee.

That being the case, you can opt for a chauffeured car service to cover the first half of your route. These services are similar to taxis, with the only difference being that you can arrange to be picked up, directly from your home or wherever you are.

Benefits of choosing a chauffeured car service

Chauffeur driven car services have become popular these days. They offer quality services to keep their customers satisfied and loyal for years to come. If you are new to a city or town, opting for chauffeured car services is the best option.

The following are some of the benefits of using chauffeured car services.

• Options to choose: Service providers give you multiple options to choose the vehicle you want to ride. You can choose according to your comfort and budget.
• Reduce stress: It makes your travel time stress free by using its luxurious and comfortable facilities.
• Reduce stress: Reduce your worries about parking, traffic, punctuality, etc.
• Cheapest price: You can hire an affordable rental company by doing proper research. It is a reliable way to reach your destination.
• fast service: You can get to your destination facing heavy traffic on the way, as drivers know all the shortcuts and routes that can be taken to avoid rush hour.
• Anywhere Anytime: They offer you 24 x 7 facilities anywhere in the city. All you need to do is make a call to reserve your taxi.
• Multitask: You can choose to opt for this service for a wedding or any other social or business event.

Tips for choosing a chauffeured car service

There are various fake car service providers that can deceive you in many ways. That is why you must know how to choose a reliable service provider.

• Go online: You can get various car heater services online. Instead of running around, you can check online directories to find reliable care rental services.
• Different rates: Before you reserve a car, you need to know its charges and details. There are different rates offered by various companies depending on the value-added services they provide.
• Ask for relevant papers/documents: You must verify the original car and driving documents before renting a car.
• Choose what you want: You should choose your trip according to your requirements, you can base on

1. Following distance
2. Time for which you are hiring
3. chosen day
4. Luxury features you want
5. Vehicle type (sedan, SUV, etc.)

So why drive on busy roads and stress yourself mentally and physically? Hire a taxi with driver and travel quietly wherever you want.

Joe Rosen was a legitimate businessman who never broke the law in his life. But when he was assassinated in 1936, on the orders of Louis “Lepke” Buchalter, he was the first link in the chain that sent Lepke straight to the electric chair.

Joe Rubin, from Brownsville in Brooklyn, had finally hit the jackpot. Through sweat and hard work, he had started a small trucking business, serving non-union tailoring contact customers in the Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania area. These were solid accounts and they bought Rosen a partnership in the New York & New Jersey Truck Company. But Louie “Lepke” Buchalter, from the same neighborhood as Rosen in Brooklyn’s Brownsville, had other ideas. Lepke was a founding member of Brooklyn’s infamous “Murder Incorporated,” but his friend and sometimes associate Max Rubin controlled the Amalgamated Clothing Worker’s Union. In 1932, Rubin and Lepke approached Rosen and demanded that he stop making deliveries to non-union tailor shops in Pennsylvania.

“But if I lose the Pennsylvania business, I lose everything,” Rosen told them. “I’ve been in the clothing business all my life and now they’re kicking me out.”

Which is exactly what Rubin and Lepke did. But as a consolation prize, Rosen was given a job as a truck driver at Garfield Express, a trucking business in which Lepke had a 50% stake, with his partner Louis Cooper. Eight months later, Cooper fired Rosen, and Rosen was out of a job for 18 months. He used borrowed funds to open a small candy store in Brownsville, but Rosen was a loud and unhappy camper. Special prosecutor Thomas E. Dewey was a fierce investigator who focused on labor rackets and began making noise about Lepke’s involvement with the Amalgamated Clothing Worker’s Union.

“This is bad,” Rubin told Lepke. “Joe (Rosen) complains that he has a family and nothing to eat. We have a desperate man on our hands.”

Lepke, in a show of sheer generosity, told Rubin to give Rosen a few dollars, but in return, before Dewey understood what he was saying, Rosen had to leave town immediately. Rubin met Rosen in his candy store and said, “Here’s two hundred dollars. Lepke wants you to go away and calm down. You better do what he says.”

Rosen did as he was told and went into hiding with his son, who lived and worked as a coal miner in Reading, Pennsylvania. Less than a week later, Rosen’s wife contacted him and said his mother was sick. Rosen was also sick; he sick from Reading, Pennsylvania. So he got on a bus and went back to New York City. He went back to work at his candy store the next day. This did not please Lepke too much. Lepke used to isolate himself from any direct connection to the dozens of murders he ordered. Instead, he had a small group of lieutenants, including Rubin, to whom he gave orders, and these orders were passed on to the would-be assassins. Albie Tannenbaum was one of his killers, but not one of his confidants. Unfortunately, Tannenbaum was in the next room when Lepke flew at Rosen.

“I’ve seen enough of this shit,” Lepke yelled at Rubin. “That (expletive) Rosen, he’s running around yelling about seeing Dewey. He and no one else goes anywhere and talks. I’ll take care of him.”

On September 13, 1936, a gang of Lepke assassins, led by Harry “Pittsburgh Phil” Strauss, sat in ambush when Rosen opened his candy store at 7:30 am. In an extreme example of exaggeration, the shooters stormed the store and discharged seventeen bullets into Rosen’s body; the last four pumped by Strauss after Rosen was already dead.

Over the next four years, Murder Incorporated committed hundreds of murders, but none of them traced back to Lepke. Dewey was on the trail of Lepke for a whole host of other crimes, so Lepke attacked him somewhere in New York City, which is the easiest place to hide, with eight million people hanging around, taking care of their own affairs.

In 1940, at the urging of his associates Lucky Luciano and Meyer Lansky, Lepke fell in line with FBI chief J. Edgar Hoover, thinking the solution was fixed and he just had to spend a few years in jail for his crimes. . But he was betrayed by Luciano and Lansky, and also by Albie Tannenbaum and Max Rubin, who had also been duped and were looking to make a deal. Both rats agreed on the witness stand that Lepke had ordered Rosen’s murder. After Tannenbaum quoted Lepke verbatim about Rosen’s care, thus confirming Rubin’s account, Lepke’s goose was cooked. On November 30, 1941, it took the jury just over four hours to return a guilty verdict on Lepke for murder.

After several appeals were rejected, on March 4, 1944, Lepke was fried in the electric chair at Sing Sing Prison, and it was the murder of Joe Rosen, a poor nobody, who just wanted to live a decent life and worker. in peace, you put it there.

To this day, Louis “Lepke” Buchalter is the only mob boss executed by the government.

There’s a lot of buzz about APUs (auxiliary power units or generators) these days. Yes, the federal government allows up to 400 pounds for trucks with APUs or any device used to reduce fuel use and emissions. It’s part of the idling reduction strategy – encouraging truckers and trucking companies to install APUs. But that doesn’t mean you can always get it.

The wording of the law says that any vehicle with an APU “may be allowed up to an additional total of 400 pounds in gross, per axle, tandem, or bridge formula weight limits” – a generator installed in the tractor would not allow variation of the bridge law.

The problem is that even though the federal government allows weight gain, states don’t have to allow it. That means in one state you may be allowed to run up to 80,400 lbs. but in the following state, you may be limited to 80,000 lbs. despite the decision of the federal government. Many states already have weight tolerances above the 400-pound weight exemption, so the ruling doesn’t really affect enforcement procedures.

It’s great in theory, but in practice, it’s pretty much useless.

What we have found is that many officers are unaware of the federal ruling, so while a state legislature may have adopted the 400 pound allocation, law enforcement officers may not be aware of it. All of the following information is subject to change, and as always, the right hand may not know what the left hand is doing. Be prepared to show as much documentation as possible whenever you come across a roadblock!

The following is a list of states and the status of their 400lb weight exemption status. We are in direct contact with state officials; none of this is second-hand information. All information is subject to change.

States that have adopted the 400lb weight allowance (officials at weigh stations may not be aware):

Arkansas

Arkansas will allow an additional 400 lbs. on an axle to account for the APU, but will not allow more than 80,000 lbs. for gross weight.

California

Idaho

Maine

Maryland

Michigan

Michigan DOES allow 400 pounds for an APU. The problem you may run into is that none of the weigh station officials we spoke with knew about the federal ruling and the Michigan Center for Trucking Safety was under the impression that Michigan had not adopted the ruling. but couldn’t say for sure. According to Lt. Dave Ford, Michigan does respect the 400-pound rule. Drivers must have the weight of the APU documented by the manufacturer and have proof that the documented APU has been installed on that unit (as opposed to a different APU).

North Dakota

Oregon

Oregon Senate Bill 223 officially allows trucks with APUs (auxiliary power units) an additional 400 pounds in their gross weight limits. Oregon complies with the federal ruling and requires a written certification of the weight of the APU. Oregon motor carrier law enforcement officials have been allowing the 400-pound weight exemption since February 2006. The APU must be in operating condition.

Virginia

The 400 pound weight exemption is only allowed on interstate highways. Drivers on state routes are subject to the Virginia gross and axle weight standard application.

Washington

States that have not adopted the 400-pound weight exemption and:

*have weight tolerances (for scale variation)

*has low fare amounts and you won’t be forced to unload for 400 pounds overweight

*and states whose officers are very unlikely to give you a ticket unless you provoke them; officer discretion is a factor (officers in many of these states didn’t know about the 400lb weight exemption but said 400lbs is too low for them to bother with):

Connecticut

Officials at the Greenwich weigh station did not know about the federal ruling, but said they are unlikely to write a citation for such a small amount. That stretch of I-95 is limited to 80,000lbs no matter what permits the driver has, so the limit is 80,000lbs. 80,001 pounds may result in a fine, but not likely until the truck reaches 81,000 pounds, at the officer’s discretion. The official word from the Commercial Vehicle Enforcement Headquarters is that Connecticut has not adopted the 400-pound weight exemption.

Colorado

Delaware

Georgia

Florida

Kentucky

It’s entirely up to the discretion of the officer – you’re not likely to get a £400 fine.

Louisiana

Mountain

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Officials at the North Carolina weigh stations we called didn’t know about the 400lb federal allowance, but said they have a tolerance of 500lbs that they will allow before they start issuing tickets.

South Dakota

Officials did not disclose their allowable tolerance, but said their tolerance is over 400 pounds, so even though the legislature has not yet adopted the federal standard, its current standards allow for weight gain.

Utah

Officials at Henefer POE say they will allow up to 500 pounds for an APU. Officers at other points of entry were unsure about the law.

West Virginia

Wyoming

Cheyenne I 25 nb weigh station officials say they will allow up to 500 pounds without a ticket.

States that do not allow £400 for an APU (based on our inquiries, subject to change):

Alabama, Arizona, Indiana, New Jersey

There are several states missing from this list. We are still reaching out to states that we have not received a response from and will provide updated information as it becomes available! Do not hesitate to contact us with your contributions and experiences.

To get the 400 lbs. assignment, you will need to be able to provide:

* certified written APU weight (if your APU only weighs 380 lbs, you will only be allowed 380 lbs)

* certified proof (or being able to prove) that the APU is functional (working)

You’ll also want to bring a copy of the federal regulation with you. You can find it in the Electronic Code of Federal Regulations [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/ECFR/] in Title 23 (Highways), part 658.17 (you’ll find it in section n).